National Environmental Policies and Multilateral Trade Rules

Interlinkages: Multilateral Environmental Agreements and Trade and Investment Regimes

The Kyoto Protocol incorporates the international flexibility mechanisms such as emissions trading, etc., in addition to setting the quantified commitments for Annex I Parties. The Protocol also recognizes the importance of domestic actions, and supports the concept of supplementarity in Articles 6 and 17. The EU proposes to limit the tradeable amounts of emissions to meet this concept. A new i...

Environmental and Trade Policies: Some Methodological Lessons

This paper describes the results of using a new computable general equilibrium model for the European Union that incorporates local and transboundary externalities to evaluate the effects of trade policy reform. In contrast to all past theoretical and empirical research, this model includes the morbidity effects of three criteria air pollutants as nonseparable arguments of household preferences...

And Results - Oriented versus Rules - Oriented Trade Policies

In the recent years, there has been an increasing amount of interest in trade policy for so called "results-oriented" trade policies (REO). This term refers to situations in which a country's trade policy focuses on quantitative market outcomes rather than on rules by which international transactions are conducted. Typically, a "results-oriented" trade policy involves a government specifying to...

Cybersecurity and Trade: National Policies, Global and Local Consequences

of essays on the rise of trade barriers and “murky protectionism” following the financial crisis. The word “technology” appears only once in that report. Information technology has often been seen as a huge success story in global trade, but its rapid diffusion has introduced new risks. Modern economies, developed and developing, are increasingly reliant on their IT-supported infrastructure for...

Multilateral Trade Liberalization and Poverty Reduction